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Testing Environment

General Specifications​

This testing environment was designed to represent real-world MacTalk LoRa device-to-device (D2D) communication deployments, covering indoor building environments, dense urban areas, and near line-of-sight (LoS) outdoor scenarios along highway corridors.

The selected test locations and deployment methods reflect practical installation and operating conditions commonly encountered in industrial facilities, urban infrastructure, and field deployments, where direct device-to-device communication is required without continuous reliance on gateways or backhaul connectivity.

The testing campaign was conducted across three primary environments:

  • Indoor Building Environment – MacTalk-enabled LoRa devices were deployed across multiple floors inside a reinforced concrete office building to evaluate device-to-device communication stability, vertical signal penetration, RSSI, SNR, and packet delivery performance. During testing, reliable D2D communication was successfully achieved up to the 6th floor, demonstrating strong vertical penetration capability in dense indoor environments.

  • Urban Deployment Environment – Devices installed within a dense urban area to assess the impact of surrounding buildings, electrical noise, and partial obstructions on direct device-to-device LoRa communication.

  • Near Line-of-Sight (LoS) Highway Environment – Devices deployed along a highway corridor under near LoS conditions to evaluate communication range, link reliability, and performance over distance in open yet non-ideal outdoor scenarios.

These environments were intentionally selected to ensure the test results accurately represent real-world MacTalk device-to-device communication behavior, rather than controlled or laboratory-based conditions.

Environmental and Deployment Conditions Considered​

The testing environment also accounted for environmental and operational variations observed during repeated test cycles, including:

  • High ambient temperatures during summer conditions
  • Elevated humidity and rainfall during monsoon periods
  • Urban RF noise and interference
  • Vehicular movement and dynamic surroundings in highway deployments
  • Partial obstructions and near line-of-sight (LoS) conditions common in field installations

These factors were intentionally included to ensure the results reflect practical, real-world operating conditions for MacTalk device-to-device communication.

Detailed performance metrics, observations, and corresponding graphs are presented below to support deployment planning, device placement decisions, and network design optimization.

Test ParameterDescription
Location 1Indoor office building with multiple floors, where MacTalk-enabled LoRa devices were deployed across building levels to evaluate vertical penetration and device-to-device communication reliability up to the 6th floor
Location 2Dense urban area with MacTalk-enabled LoRa devices deployed to evaluate device-to-device communication under urban interference and obstruction conditions
Location 3Near line-of-sight outdoor environment along a highway corridor to evaluate long-range MacTalk device-to-device communication
Device Placement (Location 1)MacTalk-enabled LoRa devices deployed from the basement through upper floors, including successful communication testing up to the 6th floor, to evaluate RSSI, SNR, packet delivery, and vertical penetration performance in a multi-storey building
Device Placement (Outdoor)Devices strategically positioned at varying distances to evaluate RSSI, SNR, and packet loss over distance in device-to-device communication scenarios